Annotated bibliography about prehistoric tsunamis at Puget Sound, arranged chronologically

Bucknam, R.C., Hemphill-Haley, E., and Leopold, E.B., 1992, Abrupt uplift within the past 1700 years at southern Puget Sound, Washington:  Science, v. 258, p. 1611-1614.

A sand body at Lynch Cove occupies a stratigraphic contact that marks rapid, probably coseismic uplift.   This sand body contains marine microfossils and was later ascribed to tsunami (Hemphill-Haley, 1996).

Atwater, B.F., and Moore, A.L., 1992, A tsunami 1000 years ago in Puget Sound, Washington:   Science, v. 258, p. 1614-1617.

A sand sheet at Cultus Bay and similar sand sheet at West Point probably represent a tsunami from a large earthquake on the Seattle fault.

Jacoby, G.C., Williams, P.L., and Bucknam, R.C., 1992, Tree-ring correlation between prehistoric landslides and abrupt tectonic events in Seattle, Washington:   Science, v. 258, p. 1621-1623.

Trees killed by landsliding to the bottom of Lake Washington died in the same non-growing season as did a tree deposited with the sand sheet at West Point.

Hemphill-Haley, E., 1996, Diatoms as an aid in identifying late-Holocene tsunami deposits:   The Holocene, v. 6, p. 439-448.

Tidal-flat diatoms support a tsunami origin for the sand sheet at Cultus Bay and for the sand body at Lynch Cove.

Huntley, D.J., and Clague, J.J., 1996, Optical dating of tsunami-laid sands:   Quaternary Research, v. 46, p. 127-140.

Table 1 (p. 131) lists radiocarbon ages that strengthen correlation between tsunami deposits at Puget Sound and landslides in Lake Washington.

Atwater, B.F., 1999, Radiocarbon dating of a Seattle earthquake to A.D. 900-930 [abstract]:  Seismological Research Letters, v. 70, p. 232.

Additional dating of tree rings from the West Point tsunami deposit.

Williams, H.F., and Hutchinson, I., 2000, Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for late Holocene tsunamis at Swantown marsh, Whidbey Island, Washington:   Quaternary Research, v. 54, p. 218-227.

Muddy sand sheets with marine microfossils are present in marsh deposits of the past 2500 years on the west side of northern Whidbey Island.   The sand sheets record as many as four tsunamis, at least two of which may have originated off the Pacific coast.

Bourgeois, J., and Johnson, S.Y., 2001, Geologic evidence of earthquakes at the Snohomish delta, Washington, in the past 1200 yr:   Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 113, p. 482-494.

A discontinuous sand layer along Snohomish delta distributaries—Ebey Slough, Steamboat Slough, Union Slough, and Snohomish River—represents the tsunami from the large earthquake on the Seattle fault in A.D. 900-930.   Additional sand beds described as doubtful evidence for two earlier tsunamis.